question is Lumen gentium 16.4 There are two other Vatican II texts that deal with this question Jesus' teaching being followed in light of the impending judgment and separation of those who are on very different paths. (19*) But Episcopal consecration, together with the office of sanctifying, also confers the office of teaching and of governing, which, however, of its very nature, can be exercised only in hierarchical communion with the head and the members of the college. M., Philad. 44, 2; ed. 378-379; Denz. IV 17, 5; PG 7, 1023; Harvey, 2, p. 199 s. Conc. Statuta Eccl. Encycl. (23) Ex Praefatione, aliquious dioecesibus concessa. Tertullianus, Exhort. (171) Being taken from among men, and himself beset with weakness, he is able to have compassion on the ignorant and erring. With love and solicitude Mother Church already embraces them as her own. Christ, present to us in His Body, which is the Church, is the one Mediator and the unique way of salvation. They live in the ordinary circumstances of family and social life, from which the very web of their existence is woven. Oct 1958 John 23rd elected Pope Jan 1959 John 23 summoned council 1960 John 23rd 1961 died June 3rd 1963 Oct - Dec Opening of the Council Paul 6th became 1962 Pope June 23rd 1963 Oct - Dec Second session 1963 Oct - Dec Third session 1964 Oct - Dec Fourth session 1965 Deiparae: PG 97, 1089-1109. S. Augustinus, Enchir. (19) In Trad. 4. These in their turn should enthusiastically lend their joint assistance to their pastors and teachers. Lumen Gentium, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, November 21, 1964. Tertull., Praescr. (117) It was for this purpose that God sent His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things,(118) that be might be teacher, king and priest of all, the head of the new and universal people of the sons of God. "(74*) For strengthened by sacramental grace, in communion with the bishop and his group of priests they serve in the diaconate of the liturgy, of the word, and of charity to the people of God. 64, 4: PL 3, 1017. (14) De praestantia sacrae virginitatis, cfr. 1943: AAS 35 (1943) p. 225. Assignatos sibi greges singuli singulos Christi nomine pascunt et regunt. 1943 AAS 35 (1943), p. 208. 11:13; 1 Tim. Vat. Rom; 8:17; Col. 1:24; 2 Tim. It is through the Church that we encounter Christ, so it is through the Church that we realize our vocation, our meaning and our innermost truth. In the human nature united to Himself the Son of God, by overcoming death through His own death and resurrection, redeemed man and re-molded him into a new creation. (4) Cfr., i. a., S. Augustinus, Enarr. (37*) This variety of local churches with one common aspiration is splendid evidence of the catholicity of the undivided Church. Encycl. Chrysostomus, In 2 Tim. Further, let them encourage lay people so that they may undertake tasks on their own initiative. Satis cognitum, 29 iun. Mystici Corporis, 29 iun. Pius IX, Epist. (20) S. Ambrosius, l. c. et Expos. Origenes, In Matth. (57) What has a special place among these gifts is the grace of the apostles to whose authority the Spirit Himself subjected even those who were endowed with charisms. And behold I am with you all days even to the consummation of the world". Mystici Corporis: AAS 35 (1943) p. 216. (71) Ordo consecrationis sacerdotalis, in impositione vestimentorum. Tr. At the same time, however, because she belongs to the offspring of Adam she is one with all those who are to be saved. Pius XII, Litt. The Commission has decided to preface the assessment of the Modi with the following general observations. (69) Cfr. 32; PL 2, 52 s.; S. Ignatius M., passim. (80) Similarly, the Church encompasses with love all who are afflicted with human suffering and in the poor and afflicted sees the image of its poor and suffering Founder. Jn. Ordinis, cap. - Conc. S. Ignatius M., Trall. Pius XII, Const. Let it always be done in truth, in courage and in prudence, with reverence and charity toward those who by reason of their sacred office represent the person of Christ. (36*) With all their energy, therefore, they must supply to the missions both workers for the harvest and also spiritual and material aid, both directly and on their own account. The Head of this Body is Christ. They further offer their members the support of fraternal association in the militia of Christ and of liberty strengthened by obedience. But the faithful must cling to their bishop, as the Church does to Christ, and Jesus Christ to the Father, so that all may be of one mind through unity,(61*) and abound to the glory of God. Encycl. Indeed the counsels, voluntarily undertaken according to each one's personal vocation, contribute a great deal to the purification of heart and spiritual liberty. Unlike previous Church councils, this one was not convened in order to combat a heresy in the Church. 65, 1: PG 59, 361. 36. (175), 28. (74) Constitutiones Ecclesiac aegyptiacae, III, 2: ed. When the work which the Father gave the Son to do on earth (9) was accomplished, the Holy Spirit was sent on the day of Pentecost in order that He might continually sanctify the Church, and thus, all those who believe would have access through Christ in one Spirit to the Father. Encycl. (98) For He has bought it for Himself with His blood,(99) has filled it with His Spirit and provided it with those means which befit it as a visible and social union. All men are called to be part of this catholic unity of the people of God which in promoting universal peace presages it. Chalcedonense: Mansi 7, 462. (212) They must diffuse in the world that spirit which animates the poor, the meek, the peace makerswhom the Lord in the Gospel proclaimed as blessed. In the first place among these ministers are deacons, who, in as much as they are dispensers of Christ's mysteries and servants of the Church,(9*) should keep themselves free from every vice and stand before men as personifications of goodness and friends of God. 21 November, 1964. For it must be admitted that the temporal sphere is governed by its own principles, since it is rightly concerned with the interests of this world. | Can., c. 1327; c. 13S0 2. As living stones we here on earth are built into it. 64. In the bishops, therefore, for whom priests are assistants, Our Lord Jesus Christ, the Supreme High Priest, is present in the midst of those who believe. This same state of life is accurately exemplified and perpetually made present in the Church. Vat. They are, by reason of the knowledge, competence or outstanding ability which they may enjoy, permitted and sometimes even obliged to express their opinion on those things which concern the good of the Church (7*). (1) Cfr. Leo XIII, Epist. (13) Dieitur. (1*) These religious families give their members the support of a more firm stability in their way of life and a proven doctrine of acquiring perfection. The full document is available on the internet. (135)(22*) In this way the Church both prays and labors in order that the entire world may become the People of God, the Body of the Lord and the Temple of the Holy Spirit, and that in Christ, the Head of all, all honor and glory may be rendered to the Creator and Father of the Universe. Therefore, let the laity devotedly strive to acquire a more profound grasp of revealed truth, and let them insistently beg of God the gift of wisdom. 13, 7: Eccli 44-50, Nebr. (11) To men, dead in sin, the Father gives life through Him, until, in Christ, He brings to life their mortal bodies. Oec. Pius XII Litt. (53) In this way all of us are made members of His Body,(54) "but severally members one of another". 5, 12-13; Phil. M., Philad., Praef. Encycl. In this manner, through the members of the Church, will Christ progressively illumine the whole of human society with His saving light. The central purpose of the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church (Lumen Gentium) is "to unfold more fully to the faithful of the Church and to the whole world its own inner nature and universal . Furthermore, it not only witnesses to the fact of a new and eternal life acquired by the redemption of Christ, but it foretells the future resurrection and the glory of the heavenly kingdom. Hence, one is constituted a member of the Episcopal body in virtue of sacramental consecration and hierarchical communion with the head and members of the body. He sees Matthew as using antithetical parallelism contrasting the two gates, the two ways, sheep and 63, 14: PL 4, 386; Hartel, III B, p. 713: Saccrdos vice Christi vere fungitur .. S. Io. : Denz. "(15*) For every genuine testimony of love shown by us to those in heaven, by its very nature tends toward and terminates in Christ who is the "crown of all saints,"(16*) and through Him, in God Who is wonderful in his saints and is magnified in them. 2008 2382 et passim. 14. 23. Cfr. VII: Denz. A person becomes a member of the College by virtue of Episcopal consecration and by hierarchical communion with the head of the College and with its members. (14) S. Augustinus, Civ. (149)(16*), 21. For they not only had helpers in their ministry,(4*) but also, in order that the mission assigned to them might continue after their death, they passed on to their immediate cooperators, as it were, in the form of a testament, the duty of confirming and finishing the work begun by themselves,(5*) recommending to them that they attend to the whole flock in which the Holy Spirit placed them to shepherd the Church of God. III, q. Magno gaudio, 23 maii 1964: AAS 56 (1964) p. 566. There is but one Mediator as we know from the words of the apostle, "for there is one God and one mediator of God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself a redemption for all". S. Ignatius M., Ad Rom., Praef. (208) Further, He has shared this power so that serving Christ in their fellow men they might by humility and patience lead their brethren to that King for whom to serve is to reign. She is "the mother of the members of Christ . This religious submission of mind and will must be shown in a special way to the authentic magisterium of the Roman Pontiff, even . (163), The canonical mission of bishops can come about by legitimate customs that have not been revoked by the supreme and universal authority of the Church, or by laws made or recognized be that the authority, or directly through the successor of Peter himself; and if the latter refuses or denies apostolic communion, such bishops cannot assume any office.(38*). (55) S. Leo M., Serm. [1] 570-571. (73) Cfr. They also know that they were not ordained by Christ to take upon themselves alone the entire salvific mission of the Church toward the world. Indeed through Baptism a person dies to sin and is consecrated to God. Haerent animo, 4 aug. 1908: ASS 41 (1908) p. 560 s. Cod. (13) In them He prays on their behalf and bears witness to the fact that they are adopted sons. (3) Videatur synthetiea espositi huius doctrinae paulinae in: Piu XII, Litt. These laymen spend themselves completely in apostolic labors, working the Lord's field with much success.(10*). Funk, 1, p. 156. Deacon Ed Sheffer . Apost. The present-day conditions of the world add greater urgency to this work of the Church so that all men, joined more closely today by various social, technical and cultural ties, might also attain fuller unity in Christ. The family is, so to speak, the domestic church. ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 CHAPTER I - THE MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH 1. this sacred Council, being gathered together in the Holy Spirit, that by proclaiming his Gospel to every creature (cf. 7, 7: . Moreover, by the sacraments, especially holy Eucharist, that charity toward God and man which is the soul of the apostolate is communicated and nourished. A bishop, since he is sent by the Father to govern his family, must keep before his eyes the example of the Good Shepherd, who came not to be ministered unto but to minister,(170) and to lay down his life for his sheep. Provida Mater, 2 Febr. E. Diehl, Inscriptiones latinae christianae vereres, 1, Berolini, 1925, nn. 1826 (3059). The rest of the things which the sacred Council sets forth, inasmuch as they are the teaching of the Church's supreme magisterium, ought to be accepted and embraced by each and every one of Christ's faithful according to the mind of the sacred Council. (142) And in this mission they were fully confirmed on the day of Pentecost(143) in accordance with the Lord's promise: "You shall receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you, and you shall be witnesses for me in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and in Samaria, and even to the very ends of the earth". Leo XIII, Epist. Religious should carefully keep before their minds the fact that the Church presents Christ to believers and non-believers alike in a striking manner daily through them. 16, 21: PG 13, 1443 C, Tertullianus Adv. (234) Because the disciples must always offer an imitation of and a testimony to the charity and humility of Christ, Mother Church rejoices at finding within her bosom men and women who very closely follow their Saviour who debased Himself to our comprehension. Conc. 49. These elements, as gifts belonging to the Church of Christ, are forces impelling toward catholic unity. (30*) The individual bishops, however, are the visible principle and foundation of unity in their particular churches, (31*) fashioned after the model of the universal Church, in and from which churches comes into being the one and only Catholic Church. 1957: AAS 49 (1957) p. 237. Litt. The Church is a sheepfold whose one and indispensable door is Christ. It is through the sacraments and the exercise of the virtues that the sacred nature and organic structure of the priestly community is brought into operation. (9*), All men should take note that the profession of the evangelical counsels, though entailing the renunciation of certain values which are to be undoubtedly esteemed, does not detract from a genuine development of the human persons, but rather by its very nature is most beneficial to that development. ctiam Ven. (10) Cfr. 960 (1767) . Cfr. (287) Thus Mary, a daughter of Adam, consenting to the divine Word, became the mother of Jesus, the one and only Mediator. 1. (2) All the elect, before time began, the Father "foreknew and pre- destined to become conformed to the image of His Son, that he should be the firstborn among many brethren". Attentively in Christ, let them consider with fatherly love the projects, suggestions and desires proposed by the laity. Cfr. (32*) For this reason the individual bishops represent each his own church, but all of them together and with the Pope represent the entire Church in the bond of peace, love and unity. S. Gregorius M., Mor. Let them assiduously keep away from whatever, either by word or deed, could lead separated brethren or any other into error regarding the true doctrine of the Church. ; Bardy, 11, p. 66 ss. Communion is a notion which is held in high honor in the ancient Church (and also today, especially in the East). (225) Clerics, who are called by the Lord and are set aside as His portion in order to prepare themselves for the various ministerial offices under the watchful eye of spiritual shepherds, are bound to bring their hearts and minds into accord with this special election (which is theirs). Finally, she was given by the same Christ Jesus dying on the cross as a mother to His disciple with these words: "Woman, behold thy son". (112) Through it, the people of God adheres unwaveringly to the faith given once and for all to the saints,(113) penetrates it more deeply with right thinking, and applies it more fully in its life. (42) Cfr. In the midst of the flock they adore Him in spirit and in truth. 4; enz. Conc. (10*), In virtue of this catholicity each individual part contributes through its special gifts to the good of the other parts and of the whole Church. This most Holy Synod deliberately teaches this Catholic doctrine and at the same time admonishes all the sons of the Church that the cult, especially the liturgical cult, of the Blessed Virgin, be generously fostered, and the practices and exercises of piety, recommended by the magisterium of the Church toward her in the course of centuries be made of great moment, and those decrees, which have been given in the early days regarding the cult of images of Christ, the Blessed Virgin and the saints, be religiously observed. Lumen Gentium affirms the absolute necessity of the Church, founded by the Lord Himself, as the means of our salvation in Christ. (107) Those of the faithful who are consecrated by Holy Orders are appointed to feed the Church in Christ's name with the word and the grace of God. 3. III, 3, 1; PG 7, 848 A; Harvey 2, 8; Sagnard, p. 100 s.: manifestatam. Pius XII, Alloc. But while in the most holy Virgin the Church has already reached that perfection whereby she is without spot or wrinkle, the followers of Christ still strive to increase in holiness by conquering sin. (269)(3*) For after they have been received into their heavenly home and are present to the Lord,(270) through Him and with Him and in Him they do not cease to intercede with the Father for us,(4*) showing forth the merits which they won on earth through the one Mediator between God and man,(271) serving God in all things and filling up in their flesh those things which are lacking of the sufferings of Christ for His Body which is the Church. (172) Let him not refuse to listen to his subjects, whom he cherishes as his true sons and exhorts to cooperate readily with him. (19*), 51. 4, 1130 (necnon ib. (75) S. Polycarpus, Ad Phil. 1 et 5. While Christ, holy, innocent and undefiled(81) knew nothing of sin,(82) but came to expiate only the sins of the people,(83) the Church, embracing in its bosom sinners, at the same time holy and always in need of being purified, always follows the way of penance and renewal. (6*) Furthermore, the hierarchy, following with docility the prompting of the Holy Spirit, accepts the rules presented by outstanding men and women and authentically approves these rules after further adjustments. Decr., p. 8. Rerum Ecclesiae, 28 febr. etiam Mt. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. Let each of the faithful called to the profession of the evangelical counsels, therefore, carefully see to it that he persevere and ever grow in that vocation God has given him. 6 de Alexandria et Antiochia, et can. (5) Cfr. Caritatis studium, 25 iul. (132) The Church has received this solemn mandate of Christ to proclaim the saving truth from the apostles and must carry it out to the very ends of the earth. : Ed. They ought to fulfill this duty in such a way that it will be the principal means also of their own sanctification. A bishop marked with the fullness of the sacrament of Orders, is "the steward of the grace of the supreme priesthood," (48*) especially in the Eucharist, which he offers or causes to be offered,(49*) and by which the Church continually lives and grows. Pius XII, Const. Moving forward through trial and tribulation, the Church is strengthened by the power of God's grace, which was promised to her by the Lord, so that in the weakness of the flesh she may not waver from perfect fidelity, but remain a bride worthy of her Lord, and moved by the Holy Spirit may never cease to renew herself, until through the Cross she arrives at the light which knows no setting. In LG 16, the council addresses the important question regarding the possible fate of the unevangelized who, through no fault of their ownthe invincibly ignoranthave failed to respond to the Gospel. Lc. Pius XII, Alloc. Cfr. Rerum omnium, 26 ian. 3. Lateranense anni 649, Can. (24*) The entire body of the faithful pours forth instant supplications to the Mother of God and Mother of men that she, who aided the beginnings of the Church by her prayers, may now, exalted as she is above all the angels and saints, intercede before her Son in the fellowship of all the saints, until all families of people, whether they are honored with the title of Christian or whether they still do not know the Saviour, may be happily gathered together in peace and harmony into one people of God, for the glory of the Most Holy and Undivided Trinity. , 1964 should enthusiastically lend their joint assistance to their pastors and teachers Praefatione, aliquious dioecesibus.! 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